In corporate practice, company directors play a central role in managing operations and making strategic decisions on behalf of a limited liability company. In many cases, directors are required to act decisively to safeguard the company’s survival and growth....
Key Legal Considerations for Technology Investment in Indonesia
The rapid expansion of digital technology has transformed investment patterns worldwide, including in Indonesia. Technology investment is no longer viewed merely as a means to increase income but increasingly as a strategic tool to preserve asset value against...
Choice of Law and Choice of Forum: Legal Certainty in Cross Border Clean Energy Projects Involving Indonesia
The global transition toward clean and renewable energy has accelerated the growth of cross border energy projects. Wind power plants, solar photovoltaic installations, and large scale energy storage facilities are increasingly developed through international...
The Legal Framework for Digital Twin Technology in Indonesian Healthcare Services
The evolution of digital technology within the healthcare sector has achieved significant milestones, notably through the implementation of digital twins. According to reports from the World Health Organization (WHO), the adoption of digital twin technology in global...
Comparative Analysis of Cross-Border E-Commerce Regulations in Indonesia and China
The rapid evolution of digital technology has catalyzed the growth of Cross-Border E-Commerce (CBEC), a trade model that facilitates electronic transactions across national boundaries without the constraints of traditional geographical limitations. This paradigm shift...
Comparative Analysis of Personal Data Protection Regulations in Indonesia and the European Union
The rapid development of information technology and the intensification of digital activity have fundamentally reshaped how individuals interact, transact, and manage personal data. Amid widespread internet usage, protecting personal data has become a critical...
Transit Oriented Development in Indonesia: Legal Framework and Policy Responses to Urban Housing and Transport Challenges
Indonesia continues to experience steady population growth alongside increasing urban density. Data published by the Central Statistics Agency (Badan Pusat Statistik - BPS) recorded a national population of approximately 287.6 million people as of September 2025. This...
Implementing Indonesia’s Latest Anti-Money Laundering Rules in the Age of AI and Digital Lending
Over the past decade, rapid developments in financial technology have pushed the banking sector and the digital lending industry into a new era defined by innovation and increasingly complex risk. Digital transformation, driven by artificial intelligence (AI), mobile...
Cross-Border Renewable Energy in ASEAN: Opportunities and Legal Strategies for Green Investment
The global transition toward renewable energy has positioned the ASEAN region as a focal point for international investors. With a population exceeding 700 million and sustained economic growth, ASEAN’s energy demand continues to rise. At the same time, the collective...
New BPOM Biotechnology Regulations: Legal Impact and Compliance Risks for Indonesia’s Biotech Industry
Advances in biotechnology have become a defining feature of modern healthcare. Products such as gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and molecularly engineered vaccines are now central to global efforts to treat diseases that were previously difficult or impossible to...









